When was stonewall jackson born

Hill had protested when Jackson ignored the chain of command and issued orders directly to one of his brigadiers. Jackson created strong resentment among many of his subordinate officers by expecting literal obedience to his orders regardless of circumstances.

He was often inflexible and his single-mindedness was not always an asset. Lee did, however, give Jackson much discretion in its execution, and his confidence in Jackson was fully justified. While riding forward in an attempt to direct movements after sunset, Jackson was accidentally wounded by his own men. Stuart led the Second Corps for the remainder of the campaign, which resulted in Hooker retreating back across the Rappahannock.

The general developed pneumonia, however, and died on May After a public funeral in Richmond, Jackson was buried in Lexington on May His death left a vacancy at the corps level that was never successfully filled. Stuart went back to his cavalry command and Lee reorganized his army into three corps, with Longstreet returned from a detached assignment skillfully leading the First Corps, Major General Richard S. Hill commanding a new Third Corps. Neither Ewell nor Hill could match Jackson, however, and Chancellorsville was the last decisive victory won by the Army of Northern Virginia.

As an independent commander Jackson could be superb. As a subordinate he was dutiful and loyal, but not as submissive or unambitious as legend would have it. Early in the war, while serving as a colonel under General Joseph E. Johnston , Jackson politicked for promotion to brigadier general and a separate command. Later, while himself exercising independent command in the Shenandoah Valley, Jackson bypassed regular channels and requested militia reinforcements from Virginia governor John Letcher.

When Confederate secretary of war Judah P. Benjamin dictated troop positions to Jackson, Jackson offered his resignation in protest of such outside interference.

Boteler, to make a direct appeal to Confederate president Jefferson Davis. Davis upheld Lee. Viewed separately, the elements of speed, maneuver, initiative, and audacity that Jackson employed to achieve victory do not distinguish him from other successful military commanders. His obsession. Some of these writers have made excessive claims for the general, downplaying or denying his mistakes and shortcomings. But Jackson remains a great soldier whose reputation requires no artificial inflation.

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Contributor: William Garrett Piston. Early Years Painting of Stonewall Jackson. Professor Thomas J. Jackson at VMI. Julia Laura Jackson. Stonewall Jackson at First Manassas. Harpers Ferry.

The Last Meeting. Unveiling the Stonewall Jackson Monument. January 21, Thomas J. June Thomas J. Jackson enters the U. Jackson graduates from the U. Military Academy at West Point, ranking seventeenth in a class of fifty-nine. With the United States at war with Mexico, he is assigned to the 1st U.

March 9—29, Thomas J. August 20, Thomas J. Jackson participates in Battle of Contreras. September 8, Thomas J. Jackson participates in the Battle of Molino del Rey.

Grappling with hypochondria, the false belief that something was physically wrong with him, Jackson kept one arm raised while teaching, thinking it would hide a nonexistent unevenness in the length of his extremities.

Although his students made fun of his eccentricities, Jackson was generally acknowledged as an effective professor of artillery tactics. In , during his years as a civilian, Jackson met and married Elinor Junkin, daughter of Presbyterian minister Dr. George Junkin. In October of , Elinor died during childbirth, after giving birth to a stillborn son. In April , Jackson and his second wife had a daughter. Tragically, the infant died within less than a month of her birth.

Between late and early , several Southern U. But when Virginia seceded in the spring of , Jackson showed his support of the Confederacy, choosing to side with his state over the national government. At the time, the cadets were acting as drillmasters, training new recruits to fight in the Civil War. After preparing the troops for what would later be called the "Stonewall Brigade," Jackson was promoted to the roles of brigadier commander and brigadier general under the command of General Joseph E.

When Jackson charged his army ahead to bridge a gap in the defensive line against a Union attack, General Barnard E. Bee, impressed, exclaimed, "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall. Joining Lee in the Peninsula, Jackson continued to fight in defense of Virginia. He served under General Robert E. Lee for much of the Civil War. Jackson was a decisive factor in many significant battles until his mortal wounding by friendly fire at the age of 39 during the Battle of Chancellorsville in May When Jackson was two years old, his six-year-old sister died of typhoid fever.

His father, Jonathan Jackson , an attorney, perished of the same disease a short time later, leaving his wife, Julia Neale Jackson , with three children and considerable debt. After Julia Jackson remarried in , to a man who reportedly disliked his stepchildren, Thomas Jackson and his siblings were sent to live with various relatives.

In , Jackson enrolled at the U. Military Academy at West Point. Older than many of the other students, he initially struggled with the curriculum and endured frequent ridicule for his modest background and relatively poor education. However, Jackson worked hard and eventually met with academic success, graduating in Jackson left West Point just as the Mexican War was starting and he was sent to Mexico as a lieutenant with the 1st U.

Jackson continued his military service until he accepted a professorship at the Virginia Military Institute in Jackson spent 10 years as a professor of artillery tactics and natural philosophy similar to modern-day physics at the Virginia Military Institute in Lexington. He was better at teaching artillery than natural philosophy, and was disliked by some cadets for his brusqueness, lack of sympathy and eccentric behavior. Students mocked him for his hypochondria and his habit of keeping one arm elevated to hide a perceived discrepancy in the length of his limbs.

In , Jackson married Elinor Junkin , the daughter of a Presbyterian minister who was the president of Washington College. She died in childbirth 14 months later; in , Jackson married Mary Anna Morrison , the daughter of a former president of Davidson College. The following year, the couple had a daughter; however, the child lived for only a month. He did not drink, gamble or smoke.

Julia survived to adulthood and had two children of her own before she passed away. There are numerous Jackson descendants today, although none of them has the last name, Jackson. How did Jackson die? Jackson was accidentally wounded by friendly fire at Chancellorsville on May 2, , by a soldier or soldiers of the 18th North Carolina Infantry Regiment. Jackson was shot twice in the left arm and once through the right hand. His left arm was removed two inches below his shoulder by Dr.

Hunter McGuire in an effort to save his life. Jackson was then removed to Guiney Station to convalesce. What happened to the Washington Street house after Jackson died? Mary Anna then rented the house out for a period before selling it to a chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in the early 20th century. For nearly fifty years, the house—with many additions—served as the only hospital for Rockbridge County.

When the hospital moved to its current location, the house was operated as a shrine to Jackson. In , the house was restored to its appearance during the period of Jackson occupancy and reopened to the public.

Ellwood was located about one mile from the field hospital where Jackson was treated.